Quebec is set to intensify its secularism policies with the introduction of Bill 9, a new law that seeks to ban public prayer and further restrict religious symbols in public institutions. The legislation, introduced by the Coalition Avenir Quebec (CAQ) on Thursday, aims to build on the controversial Bill 21, which was passed in 2019.

Expansion of Secularism Measures

Bill 9 proposes a comprehensive ban on public prayer in spaces such as parks and roads, with fines of up to C$1,125 for violations. The law also extends the prohibition of religious symbols to staff in subsidized daycares, colleges, universities, and private schools. Full face coverings will be banned for both students and staff in these institutions. Jean-François Roberge, Quebec's minister responsible for secularism, emphasized that these measures are part of a broader effort to ensure state neutrality.

Criticism and Controversy

The proposed law has sparked significant backlash, with critics arguing that it disproportionately targets religious minorities, particularly Muslims. Ines Rarrbo, a Muslim student, expressed concern, stating that the new rules feel like a personal attack on her community. The National Council of Canadian Muslims has accused the CAQ of exploiting identity politics to regain public trust. The Assembly of Quebec Catholic Bishops also criticized the bill, calling it a "radical infringement" on rights and freedoms.

Legal and Social Implications

The secularism laws have been contentious since their inception, with Bill 21 already facing legal challenges for allegedly violating freedoms of expression and religion. Quebec's superior court upheld the statute in 2021, despite acknowledging these breaches. The Supreme Court of Canada is scheduled to hear a challenge to the existing laws next year, which could have significant implications for the province's secularism policies.